I would follow the advice here, and put in what the manual recommends to put in. That is what the machine is designed for. The Honda manual is fairly straight forward. Mine says 91 octane for a 2007 CBR 600RR.
On other bikes, make sure you double check the numbers. On my old 2005 BMW F650GS, the manual said to use "Premium" fuel. The dealer also told me to use Premium. When I read the manual, it indeed suggested an octane of 91, but it also listed this as a RON number. In the US, we measure octane with (RON+MON)/2. 91 RON in Europe is an 87 octane in the United States. Basically, BMW recommended using regular octane fuel, and the bike ran fine.

My Honda gets 91 octane US, just as the manual recommends. Runs great.

Some fuel systems have the ability to tell what the octane rating of the gas is, and will remap it accordingly. I don't know if our engine has that feature. I can't find any documentation that goes in to this.

 

How many octane arguements are there?

My opinion is as follows: Use whatever it is Honda recommends to use! I know on the 07' it says to use premium octane. There is a sticker on the gas tank when you first get the bike. I think they put it there for a reason. But thats just my .02 and I aint that bright, so take it for what its worth.